Application of GPS Technology in Forestry Work

(i) Forest surveys and resource management 1. Measurement of forest distribution areas. The US Bureau of Forestry sells wood based on the area of ​​the forest area and the density of trees in the area. The measurement of the wood area must have a closing difference of less than 1%. In a forest area surveyed by a theodolite, GPS was used along the perimeter of the forest area and around the corner to perform GPS positioning measurements and to correct the deviation. The error between the obtained results and the measured area was 0.03%. This experiment proved that the surveyors only need to Using GPS technology and corresponding software to use helicopters along the perimeter of the forest area can measure the forest area. In the past, measuring the area of ​​the wood to be sold required measuring the area using each corner of the measuring area and measuring along the circumference. When measuring with GPS, the measurement was performed along each point along the periphery, and the measurement accuracy was high.

2. Use hand-held GPS to save initial and reset sample plots for initial setup and reset. Only input the coordinates without lead wires, and the position is accurate, the efficiency is high, and the reset rate is 100%. In last year's national inventory in Heilongjiang and other provinces of China, 12C and eTrex of the United States GARMIN Corporation were used for resettlement and determination. Good results were obtained, work efficiency was improved 5-8 times, positioning error was not more than 7 meters, and the results were affected by the country. The forestry bureau resources are fully affirmed.

3, using hand-held GPS navigation to open the boundaries of the forest, such as the flat forest line cut and establish stakes. In the past, this type of work employed angle gauges, cable pulls, and other methods, which resulted in high work intensity, high error, and low accuracy. It was necessary to move back to work and serious waste. After adopting GPS, using its track record, angle measurement and distance measurement function not only reduces labor intensity, but also has high accuracy, easy drop-down, and greatly improves efficiency.

4. Use differential or GPS measurements to establish forestry GPS control sites. These fern spots with precise coordinates are the ferns to be referenced by forestry projects in the future. For example: coordinate error correction of handheld navigation GPS instruments, roads, Survey of farmland, land, etc.

5. Use differential or GPS measurements to implement precise surveys, maps, and area calculations for various boundary lines in forest areas. Such as: all kinds of road network, bureau, field boundary location and drawing graphics and calculate the area, transferred to the basic map of forestry, to achieve the purpose of dynamic monitoring of various changes in forest land, measuring accuracy reached Meter level.

6. The use of differential or measuring GPS to accurately delimit the boundaries of map boundaries, such as the two wilderness and administrative boundaries. Solve the common problems of unclear local boundaries and inaccurate mark locations.

(B) GPS technology used in forest fire prevention 1. Utilizing real-time differential GPS technology, the United States Forest Service and California's Jet Propulsion Laboratory jointly developed the "FRIREFLY" plan. It installed a thermal infrared system and a GPS receiver on the aircraft's loop governor, used these on-board devices to determine the location of the fire and reported it quickly to the ground station. Another plan is to use helicopters, drones, or light fixed-wing aircraft to fly around the fire and record location data. After the plane lands, the data is processed and the perimeter of the fire is plotted so that further forest fires can be eliminated. Measures.

2. The use of hand-held GPS for fire field positioning, fire field deployment, fire field measurement, fire loss estimation, high precision, strong security, can be real-time, fast and accurate determination of fire insurance location and scope, provide fire control command decision-making basis, It has been widely adopted by domestic and foreign fire protection agencies.

(III) Application of GPS in afforestation 1. Aerial broadcasting Before the GPS was used, it was difficult for pilots to judge the broadcast and non-broadcast forest land. Repeated and missed broadcasts often occurred, and the efficiency of aerial broadcasting was very low. After using GPS, using its track record function, pilots can easily understand the last planted route, thus effectively avoiding replays and missed broadcasts. In addition, using the route setting function, the pilot can set the flight distance and route on the ground, and work according to a preset route in flight, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the operation.

2. Afforestation classification, inventory and track record using GPS and area function, forestry staff is easy to record the distribution and size of species forest, at the same time understand the ratio of harvesting and updating, and label each forestry type, convenient Management of forestry. In China's Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province, Inner Mongolia, and other provinces, classification management, afforestation surveys, and resource surveys have begun to use GPS technology extensively and have achieved very good results. This not only saves a lot of manpower, material resources, and funds, but also greatly improves Work efficiency. Practice has proved that the use of GPS can completely replace the traditional angular gauge plus tape measure of backward measures, and achieved great economic benefits.

It can be seen that the universal application of GPS technology will certainly promote the development of forestry in a direction that is accurate, efficient, and modern. It is an indispensable tool in forestry operations in the future. If it is widely used, it will surely achieve great economic and social benefits.

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