Uranium enrichment

The uranium extraction process of uranium chemical concentrate (yellow cake) is prepared from a low concentration uranium leachate. Uranium ore generally contains 0.1% to 0.2% of uranium. After leaching out of the slurry, it contains only a few hundred milligrams of uranium per liter of solution, and must be enriched. In order to avoid long-distance transportation of a large amount of uranium ore, the general mines have established an enrichment plant nearby, and the uranium is initially integrated into chemical concentrates and then transported to a purification plant for purification.

The enrichment methods mainly include uranium extraction by ion exchange, uranium extraction by solvent extraction, and precipitation. In the 1940s, most of the precipitation methods were used. The caustic soda solution was used to precipitate sodium diuranate from the alkali leaching solution of uranium. The reaction was:

Lime milk can also be used to precipitate the crude uranium concentrate in two steps from the acid leaching solution of uranium. Most of the precipitation methods have now been replaced by uranium by ion exchange and uranium extraction by solvent extraction. Compared with the precipitation method, the enrichment ratio of uranium extracted by uranium and solvent extraction by ion exchange method is large, and the purity of the product is high. Most factories produce only chemical concentrates, except for a few mines that directly produce nuclear pure products.

In recent years, most of the low-grade uranium ore is in-situ leaching and heap leaching, and the produced leaching solution is a clear liquid. It can be used for sedimentation or ion exchange to produce chemical concentrates by simple portable devices, which is an economical and effective recovery of uranium. One of the important ways.

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